Steven --
#1 -- in an IRA/ROTH type account I'd always be 100% invested -- since these type accounts are purely retirement and as such are super long term... there's no reason to not be 100% invested.
Remember that you don't just retire at 65 or whatever age - and suddenly withdraw all your money! You're going to take a small percentage of it out annually - for the next 20 or 30 years to retire on.... so you have to ADD that term to the term before you're even eligible to start withdrawals... for most here -- that's a very long time.
I really don't do annual look aheads to figure out where I should be - or not. I INVEST for far longer term than that. However, I live off my investments -- and keep cash in shares that create income - and deploy those funds from time to time if there's a big dip in the market etc - but they're ALWAYS "invested". I don't keep any cash in money market type accounts etc. They earn NOTHING. I'm not rich enough (or is that stupid enough?
) to want to only earn .25% on my money. Thus - I keep "cash" in NLY and JNK and HYG....
that money IS subject to capital depreciation - but I don't sell in down markets unless I thought the 'loss' in the current holding would more than be made up for in the new investment.... and even then I'd scale in and scale out.
Right now I have pretty large positions in NLY ($437K) and JNK ($2.5MM).... but that's because I took some nice long term capital gains leading up to the end of the year - and parked that money in those two names. So far - they've made me even more money - so for right now I'm happy just leaving it there.... but I'm VERY VERY watchful! If I sold now - I'd have SHORT TERM CAPITAL GAINS and I hate paying the gov 40%... but I also doubt I'll leave it in for the "year and one day" that it takes to get to the new 20% Long Term Capital Gains tax rate... so we'll just see what comes along that's interesting.
Personally I'd like to put another 1 or 2MM into apartments or commercial real estate. I like the long term prospects of low cost money and long term appreciation. But the bulk of my money is in equities. Always has been and always will be. Good market or bad.